???????    Sysadmin  ??????????????  ????? ? ?????  ??????????  ???????????? ???????  ?????????????  ? ???????  ? ???????????  ???????? ? ??????  ???????????  ??????????? ???????  ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????????  ??????  ??????  ?????? ?????? 1924-1994  ??????? ?? ??????  ???? ? ???????  ????? ??????????  ?????????

?????????? ? ??????????? TclMySQL ? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ? ???????????? ??????????? MySQLTcl, ??? ?????????? ????? Tcl ??? ?????? ? ???? MySQL ?? ????????, ?????????? ?? ???. ?????? Tcl, MySQL ? ?????????? MySQLTcl ?????????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? 8.4.2, 4.0.15 ? 2.40. ???? Tcl ( Tool Command Language ) ??? ???????? John Ousterhout [1]. ?? ????? ???? Tcl ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ? ?????????????. ??? ??????????? ???? ???????????? ??? ???? ??????: ??????, ?????? ? ???????. ??????? ?? ??? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????? [2], ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ? Tk, ????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? Tcl. ???? MySQL ????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ? ?????????? ???????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???????????, ??????? ?? ????????? ? ?????????????. MySQLTcl ??? ?????????? ??? ????? Tcl ? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ???? MySQL ?? ????????, ?????????? ?? ????? Tcl. ? ????????? ????? ???????? ? ?????????????? ???? ?????????? ???????? Paolo Brutti (Paolo.Bruti at tlsoft.it), Tobias Ritzau (tobri at ida.liu.se) ? Artur Trzewick (mail at xdobry.de). _________________ _________________ _________________   ????????? ?????????? MySQLTcl ???? ???? Linux ??? *BSD ??????? ???????????? ?????? ( ??????? RPM ??? DEB ) ??? ????? ??? Crux Linux ??? FreeBSD, ?? ?????? ???????????? ?? ??? ????????? ?????????? MySQLTcl ? ?????????? ???? ??????. ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????????????? ????????????? ??? "??????", ? ??????????????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???. ?? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??? ??????????, ?? ?? ??? ????????? ??????????? ?????????. ????????? bash ???????????? Linux Mandrake ?????? 9.2 ?????? ?????????: $ ./configure --with-mysql-lib=/usr/lib $ make $ make install ???? ???-?? ?????????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???? "configure", ?????????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?? ???????????. ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ? ????????? - ?????? configure ?? ??????? ???????????? ???????? ??? ?????. ????????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ? ???????? ??????????. ????????, ???????????? MySQLTcl ?? FreeBSD 5.0 ? ??????????? ????????? ?????: $ export CPP=/usr/bin/cpp $ ./configure --with-tcl=/usr/lib/local/tcl8.3 --with-tclinclude=/usr/local/include/tcl8.3 --with-mysql-include=/usr/local/include/mysql --with-mysql-lib=/usr/local/lib/mysql $ make $ make install ??????? ?? ????????, ??? ? ???? ??????? ???????????? Tcl ?????? 8.3, ????? ???? - ?????? ?????????? MySQLTcl 2.15, ? ??????? MySQL 3.23.54.   ?????? Tcl ? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?????? Tcl ??? ???, ???? ????????? ?????? ???????, ?? ??? ?? ??????? ? ???. ???? ?? ?????????????? ?? Tcl - ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????. ?? ?????? ??????????????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? Tcl (tclsh).   ??????????. ??????? ? ??????????? ??????????. ?????????? Tcl ????????? ? ??????? ??????? set. ?????????? ????????? ????????: % set address {Edison Avenue, 83} Edison Avenue, 83 % set zip_code 48631 48631 ? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????????? - address ? zip_code, ? ????????? ?? ???????? Edison Avenue, 83 ? 48361, ??????? ????? ??? string. ???????? ???????? ?? ??, ??? ??? ?????????? ?????????? address ???????? ?? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ??????, ??? ? ??? ???? ??????. ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ???????? set: % set address Edison Avenue, 83 % set zip_code 48631 ????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? address ?? ????? ????????????? ???????? puts: % puts stdout [set address] Edison Avenue, 83 ???????? stdout ???????????? ??????? puts ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ? ??????????? ????? ?????? - ?? ?????. ?????? ???????????? ???????? ??????? puts ??? [set address]. ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????? Tcl, ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? Tcl, ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ????? ???????? puts - ??? ?????????? ??????????? ??????. ?? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????: % puts stdout $address Edison Avenue, 83 ? ???? ??????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ??????????: ?????? $ ????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ???. ? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????????, ??? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ? ??????. ?????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? - ????????????? ??????? ( ?????? " ). ??? ?? ?????, ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??-???????. ????????? ?? ???????: % puts stdout "the zip code is [set address]" the zip code is 48631 % puts stdout "the zip code is $address" the zip code is 48631 % puts stdout {the zip code is [set address]} the zip code is [set address] % puts stdout {the zip code is $address} the zip code is $address ????? ?????, ??? ??? ????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ??????????, ?? ?????????? ??? ????????????? ???????. ??????? ?????????? ????? ???????? unset: % unset address % set address can't read "address": no such variable % unset zip_code % set zip_code can't read "zip_code": no such variable   ?????? ? Tcl ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ? Tcl. ?????? - ??? ????? ????????. ?????? ????????? ? ??????? ??????? set. % set surname Westmoreland Westmoreland % set number 46.625 46.625 ??? ?????????? - surname ? number ????? ??? ??????. ???????? ? ??????????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? string. ????????? ???? ??????? ????????? - string ???????? ???????? ??????_?????????. ??????? ?????????: % string length $surname 12 % set surname [string range $surname 0 3] West % puts stdout $surname West % string tolower $surname west ? ??????? ?? Java ??? Pascal Tcl ?? ????? ??????? ???? ????????????????. ????????? ?????? ????????????? ???: % set number [expr $number + 24.5] 70.125 % string range $number 2 5 .125 ? ??????? ??????? expr ?? ????????? ???????? ?????????? number ?? 24.5. ????? ????? ?? ??????????? ?????????? number ????????? ? ? ??????? ??????? string ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????.   ?????? ? Tcl ?????? ? Tcl ???????? ?????????????? ?????, ??????? ????????? ???????? ? ???????????????? ??????????????? ??-??????. % set friends_list {Fany John Lisa Jack Michael} Fany John Lisa Jack Michael % set friends_list [string tolower $friends_list] fany john lisa jack michael % set friends_list fany john lisa jack michael ? Tcl ?????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????. ?????????? ????????? ????????: % lindex 2 $friends_list lisa % lrange $friends_list 2 4 lisa jack michael % set friends_list [lsort -ascii $friends_list] fany jack john lisa michael % set friends_list fany jack john lisa michael % set friends_list [linsert $friends_list 2 Peter] fany jack Peter john lisa michael % string toupper $friends_list FANY JACK PETER JOHN LISA MICHAEL ?? ?????????? ??????? ?????, ??? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????????.   ??????? ? Tcl ?????? ????? ????????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ???? "??????". ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????: % set phone_numbers(fany) 629 629 % set phone_numbers(michael) 513 513 % set phone_numbers(john) 286 286 ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? set ??? ? ? ?????????? ???????, ?????? ??????????? ? ??????? ??????. % set $phone_numers(michael) 513 ?????????? ? ??????? ????? ???????? ? ??????? ??????? array. ?????????? ????????? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ???????: % array size phone_numbers 3 % array names phone_numbers fany john michael   ??????????? ? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? Tcl ??????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ? ???????? ??? ??????. ? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????, ? ????? ????????? ??????, ??????? ????? ?????????? ? ???????? ??????????.   ?????????? ? ???????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ? ??????? MySQL ?? Tcl ???????: 0: #!/usr/bin/tclsh8.4 1: 2: package require mysqltcl 3: global mysqlstatus 4: 5: set port {3306} 6: set host {127.0.0.1} 7: set user {john_smith} 8: set password {jsmith_password} 9: 10: set mysql_handler [mysqlconnect -host $host -port $port -user $user -password $password] 11: 12: mysqlclose $mysql_handler ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? - ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????????? ??????. ?????, ? ??????????? ?? ????????????? ???? ???????????? Linux, ??? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? #0, ??????????? ???? ? Tcl shell. ?????? #0 ????????? shell'?, ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? Tcl ? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????????? Tcl. ? ?????? #2 ????? ???????? ?????????????? ???????????? ?????????? MySQLTcl. ???????? ? ?????? #10 ?????????? ??????? mysqlconnect, ???? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ? ?????? #2 ??????????, ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ????? ?? ?????? "??????? ?? ???????" ( command not found ). ? ??????? #5 ? #6 ???????????????? ?????????? port ? host. ? ????? ??????? port ???????????????? ????????? 3306 ( ?? ????????? MySQL ???????????? ???? ???? ), ? host - ??????? ?????????? ??????????. ? ??????? #7 ? #8 ???????????????? ?????????? user ? password. ? ?????? #10 ??????????????? ???? ?????????? ? handler ??????????? ? ?????????? mysql_handler, ??? ?????????? ??? ???????? ? ?? ? ???????? ??????????, ??? ???????? ? ?????? #12.   ????????? ?????? ? ?????????? ????? ?? ?? ??????????? ?????? #3. ??????? ??? ??????. ?????????? ?????? ?????????? MySQLTcl ????? ???????? ??????. ???? ?? ?? ??????? ??? ??????, ?????? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????. ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????: 10: if [catch {mysqlconnect -host $host -port $port -user $user -password $password} mysql_handler] { 11: puts stderr {error, the database connection could not be established} 12: exit 13: } else { 14: mysqlclose mysql_handler 15: } ???? ??????? set mysql_handler [mysqlconnect -host $host... ??????? ?????? - ??? ????? ??????????? ???????? catch. ??????? catch ?????????? 1 ? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ? 0 ? ???????????????. ? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ? ??????????? ????? ??????, ? ????? ?????? ??? ?????. ???????? ?????? ????????? ? ?????? ??????????????? - ???????????? ??????, ????, ???? ? ?.?. ? ???????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????????. ? ?????? #3 ?? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? mysqlstatus. ?????????? ?????????? ???????? ? ????? ????? Tcl ???????. ?????????? MySQLTcl ??????? ?????????? ?????? mysqlstatus, ? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ????????: ??????? ???????? code ???? ?????? ?? ????????? mysqlstatus(code) ????? ????, ? ????????? ??????? ??????????????? ? ??? ?????? ??????? MySQL. ???? ?????? ????????, ?? ?? ???????? ??????? MySQL, ?? ???????? mysqlstatus(code) ??????????????? ? -1. ???????? mysqlstatus(code) ??????????? ????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????? MySQLTcl. command ??????? ?????????? MySQLTcl, ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??????, ??????????? ? mysqlstatus(command). ???????? mysqlstatus(command) ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????, ??????? ??????? - mysqlstatus(command) ?? ??????????? ????? ???????? ???????. message ???????? mysqltcl(message) ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ? ??????????? ?????????? ?? ??????. ????? ??? ? mysqlstatus(command), mysqlstatus(message) ?? ??????????? ????? ???????? ???????. ?????????? ??? ???? ??????? ? ?????????? ??????? mysqlstatus, ??????? ?? ?????? ? ?????????? ??????: ??????? ???????? nullvalue ??????, ???????????? ??? ???????? null ??? ?????????? ?????????? SQL ???????. ?? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????; musqlstatus(nullvalue) ????? ???? ??????????? ? ????? ????????? ????????. ????? ???????, ????????? ?????????? ?????? mysqlstatus, ?????????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???, ????? ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ? ???????? ??: 10: catch {mysqlconnect -host $host -port $port -user $user -password $password} mysql_handler 11: if {$mysqltatus(code) != 0} { 12: puts stderr $mysqlstatus(message) 13: } else { 14: mysqlclose mysql_handler 15: } ?????????? ?????? mysqlstatus ????? ???????????? ??? ????????? ???????? ????? ??????, ?? ?????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ? ??.   ???????? ??????? ?????????? MySQLTcl ? ???? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? MySQLTcl ? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????????????. ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? man ???????? MySQLTcl. ??????? ???????? ??????? ? ??????? ?????????. ????????? ???????????. ???? ???????? ????? ????? "?" - ?? ????????????, ?????? "|" ?????????? "???". ??????? ??????? ???????? mysqlconnect ?option value ...? ??????????? ? ??; ?????????? handler, ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ? ?????? ???????? mysqltcl mysqluse handle dbname ??????????? MySQL handler ? ???????????? ?? mysqsel handle sql_statement ?-list | -flatlist? ???????? SQL ??????? ? ?? mysqlexec handle sql_statement ???????? ??_select SQL ??????? ? ?? mysqlclose handle ???????? ?????????? ? ??   mysqlconnect ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ? ??????? "?????????? ? ???????? ??", ?? ???? ???? ??????, ??????? ?? ?? ????????? - ???????? -db, ?? ????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ?? ??? ???????????? ?????????????. ????????? ??????: % set mysql_handler [mysqlconnect -h 127.0.0.1 -p 3306 \ -user john_smith -password jsmith_password -db jsmith_database] ? ???? ?????? ??? ??????????? ????????????? mysql_handler ??????? ????? ????? ?????????? ? ?? jsmith_database. ( ??????????, ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? \, ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????; ??? ??????????, ??? ??????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ?????? ).   mysqluse ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??????????????? ? handler'??, ?? ??????????? ?????? ??????????.   mysqlsel ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? SQL select ?????? ? ??. ???? ???????? sql_statement ?? ???????? SQL select ???????? - ?????????? ??????. ????? ???????????? ? ???? ??????? ?????? ( ???????????? ) ???????? - list ??? flat_list. ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????????? ? ???????, ??? ????????????? ????? ?????????. ??????????? ? ?? ???? ??????? people: id first_name last_ name phone 26 Karl Bauer 8245 47 James Brooks 1093 61 Roberto Castro Portela 6507 ? ??????? ??????? mysqlsel ???????? SQL ?????? ? ??: % mysqlsel $mysql_handler {select first_name, last_name from people order by id asc} -list {Karl Bauer} {James Brooks} {Roberto {Castro Portela}} % mysqlsel $mysql_handler {select first_name, last_name from people order by id asc} -flatlist Karl Bauer James Brooks Roberto {Castro Portela} ? ?????? ?????? (-list parameter) ??????? ?????????? ??????, ???????? ???????? ??????. ?? ?????? ?????? (-flatlist parameter) ??????? ?????????? ??????, ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????. ??? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ??????? mysqlsel ??? ???????? ?????????? ? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????, ???????????? ????????: % mysqlsel $mysql_handler {select first_name, last_name from people order by id asc} 3   mysqlexec ? ??????? ??????? mysqlexec ????? ??????? ??_select SQL ?????? ? ??. ???? ? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? select SQL ?????? - ?????? ?? ??????????, ?? ? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ????????? ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ??????: % mysqlexec $mysql_handler {delete from people where id=26} 1 % mysqlsel $mysql_handler {select first_name, last_name, phone from people order by id asc} -list {James Brooks 1093} {Roberto {Castro Portela} 6507} % mysqlexec $mysql_handler \ {insert into people (id, first_name, last_name, phone) values (58, "Carla", "di Bella", 8925)} 1 % mysqlsel $mysql_handler {select first_name, last_name, phone from people order by id asc} -list {James Brooks 1093} {Carla {di Bella} 8925} {Roberto {Castro Portela} 6507} ??????????? SQL ??????? ???????? ?? delete ??? insert ????? ???? ??????? ? ??????? ???? ???????. ???????? update ??????: % mysqlexec $mysql_handler {update people set phone=3749 where first_name="James"} 1 % mysqlsel $mysql_handler {select first_name, last_name, phone from people order by id asc} -list {James Brooks 3749} {Carla {di Bella} 8925} {Roberto {Castro Portela} 6507} ??????????? ?????? ??????? mysqlexec ???????? ????? ?????, ??????? ???? ?????????? ??_select SQL ????????.   mysqlclose ??????? mysqlclose ????????? ?????????? ? ??. ?????????? ???? ??????? ???????? MySQL handler ??????????, ??????? ?? ????? ???????.   ?????? ??????? ?????????? MySQLTcl ????? ?????? ?????????? MySQLTcl ?? ?????????????? ?????????????? ???? - ???? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????????? ? ??, ????????? ????? ??? ????????????? ? ????????, ???????? ????????? ????????. ?????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? MySQLTcl ???????? ?? man ????????.   ?????? [1] a slightly skeptical view on John K. Ousterhout and Tcl: http://www.softpanorama.org/People/Ousterhout/index.shtml> [2] ??????????? ?? ?????????? ?????????? Tcl: http://www.mapfree.com/sbf/tcl/book/select/Html/7.html> TclTutor - ?????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? Tcl: http://www.msen.com/~clif/TclTutor.html> ???????????? MySQL ? ?????? ???????? ( HTML, PDF... ): http://www.mysql.com/documentation/index.html> www.linuxfocus.org • ???????? ??????? ? ???????? ????? TCL • ?????? ????????? ?????????, ??????????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? • ??????????? ?????????????? TCL/TK • ???????????? ?? ???????????????? ?? TCL/TK