??????? ?????? ?? FreeBSD, portupgrade

??????? ?????? ?? FreeBSD

www.opennet.ru/base/sys/cleaning_up_ports.txt.html
???????: romanus (Roman Ignatov) 29/04/2004
?????: Michael Lucas
???????????? ??????: Cleaning Up Ports (11/29/2001)
www.onlamp.com/pub/a/bsd/2001/11/29/Big_Scary_Daemons.html?page=1

???????? ?? ??, ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? FreeBSD, ? ??? ????
???????????. ???? ?? ??????????? ????????????? ????????? ??????
??????? ??????? FreeBSD -- ??? ??????? ????????. ?????????????? ?
??????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ????.

??????? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????, ??????? ???
???????????. ????????, ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??????????
PNG. ?????? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????? PNG, ???????
?????????, ???????? ?????? 1.0.11. ? ?????, ??? ?? ?? ??????, ???????
????????? ? ????? ?????? ??????. ??????? ???????????? (????????) ??
FreeBSD ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????, ??? ???? ? ??????
??????. ????????, ?????????? PNG ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????
1.0.12. ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????????, ?? ? ????? ??????????
(????????????? ??????) ???? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ??????. ???
??????? ???????? ???? ??????. ???? ? ??? ?????? - ????? ????????
??????, ? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? PNG-??????????, ????? ?????
???????????? ?????? (?????? ?? ??????????).

? ???? ???????? ??????????? 187 ???????. ? ???????? ? ???????? ????
?????? ?????? ???????????, ??? ??? ????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ?
?????? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ????????????. ? ??????? Akinori MUSHA
?????? ??????, ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ? ????
??????: portupgrade(1) ? ??????.

???????????, ?????????? ? portupgrade, ????????? ????????? ?????
??????????? ? ??????? ?????? FreeBSD. ??-?????? ??? pkgdb ? portdb,
??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????????? /var/db/pkg ? ?????? ??????.

??? ???????? ????? ? ??????????? ??? ???????????. ??? ???????????
????? ?????????????? ????????? /var/db/pkg ????? ??? ??????????
??????????????? (??? ?????????? ????????????). ? ???????, ???
?????????? ??? ????????? pkg_* ???????, ??????? ????????? ? ? ?????
?????? ? ? ?????????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?? ???
???? ?????????. ??? ??? ??????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??
?????? /usr/ports/sysutils/portupgrade.

????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???????????? portupgrade, ?????????
/var/db/pkg! ? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ? ???? ??????????,
?? ??? ???????????, ??????? ??????????????? ???????? ?????????
??????????, ????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????.
???? ?? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ? ????? ??????? ?? ???????
???????????? ?? ?? ??????.

# tar -czvf dbpkg.tgz /var/db/pkg

????????? pkgdb -F, ????? ?????? ????????? ? ????????? ?????????
???????? ???????. ???? ? ??? ????? ?????? ? ?? ????? ?????? ??????????
?????? ??????, ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????
???????. ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ??????, ????????????? ??????
????? ? ???????; ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ???????.

#pkgdb -F
Checking the origin of Hermes-1.3.2
Checking the origin of Mesa-3.4.1
Checking the origin of Mesa-3.4.2_1
Checking the origin of ORBit-0.5.10_5
Checking the origin of XFree86-aoutlibs-3.3.6.9
...

??????? ?? ???? ??????? ? ??????????? (?????????????) ?????????????,
pkgdb ????? ?????????? ???, ?????? ?? ?? ????????? ????????
???????????.

Stale dependency(?????????? ???????????):
esound-0.2.22 -> libaudiofile-0.2.2: libaudiofile-0.2.1_1 ? ([y]es/[n]o/[a]ll) [yes]

????, esound ??????? ?? libaudiofile ?????? 0.2.2, ?? ???????
????????????? ?????? 0.2.1_1. ? ?????? ?????? ?? pkg_add -f ?
????????? ???????, ????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????????
???????? ? ??????? ??????. (??? ? ????). ???? pkgdb ?????????? ???? ??
? ???????? ??? ?????? ? /var/db/pkg/esound-0.2.22/+CONTENTS, ????? ???
????????? ?? ?????? libaudiofile, ??????? ??????????? ? ???????. ????
? ????????? ? ???????????? ?? ?????????, pkgdb ??????????????? ??????.

???? ? ????????? "?", pkgdb ??????????????? ?? ?????? ??????
libaudiofile ??? esound, ?? ? ??? ???? ?????? ???????, ???????
?????????? libaudiofile. ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???????, ??????? ?????
????? ????????? (?? ???) ???????, ???????? ??? PNG.

? ?????????? ??????? pkgdb ???????? ????????? ?????????? ?
???????????. ? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ? ??? ??
????????????. ????????, ? ??????? XFree86 ?? CVS ???????????
xfree86.org. imake - ??? ????? XFree86, ??????? ? ???? ??? ?????? ?
/var/db/pkg. ??? ?????????. ??????? port-building ?????????
???????????? ?????????, ?? ?? ?? ??????? ? /var/db/pkg. ???
??????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ? /var/db/pkg, ??? ?? ?????,
????????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????????????? ?????????
(??? ???????? ?????????? ? ??????? ??????, ?? ??? ?? ??? ??????
?????????).

??? ???????? ????? ? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ?? imake, pkgdb
"?????????".

Stale dependency: Xaw3d-1.5 - imake-4.1.0:
New dependency? (? to help): ?

????? ? ???? ???? ?????. ? ???? ????????? ????? ??????????? ??? ? ????
???????? ??????, ??? ??? ?? ???????????.

[Enter] to skip, [Ctrl]+[D] to delete, [.][Enter] to abort, [Tab] to complete
New dependency? (? to help):
Control-D it is.
Delete this? ([y]es/[n]o/[a]ll) [yes]
Deleted.

???? ? ?????? "yes," ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????????. ???? ?
?????? "all" ??? ??????????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????????.
????????? ?????? ?????????? imake; ? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???????????.

??????? ??????:

Stale dependency: xneko-4.4 - XFree86-libraries-4.1.0:
Delete this? ([y]es/[n]o/[a]ll) [yes] Deleted.

?????? ??????, ??? ????????????? ???????????, ??????? pkgdb ?? ?????
?????????? ?????????.

Stale dependency: plugger-3.3_1 - timidity++-esound-2.10.4:
New dependency? (? to help): ?
[Enter] to skip, [Ctrl]+[D] to delete, [.][Enter] to abort, [Tab] to complete
New dependency? (? to help): timidity++-2.10.4

?????????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????????. ? ????, ??? timidity++-esound
?????????? ?????-?? ?????? timidity, ?? ? ?? ? ?? ???? ?????????? ???
? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ? ???? ?????????? ????????? ??????
???? ? ?????? ??? (tab), ? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????.
? ???????, ??????? pkgdb ????? ????????????? ??? ? ??????????.

Duplicated origin: graphics/Mesa3 - Mesa-3.4.1 Mesa-3.4.2_1
Remove any of them? [no]

????? ? ???? ????????. ?? ????? ????????? ????????, ????? ??
?????????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ? ?? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????
?????. ? ??? ????? ???? ???????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????
???????. ???? ?? ?????????????? ?? ???????, ??? ?????????????
????????????? ????????? ??????, ???? ???? ? ??????? ??? ???????????
??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????. ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ? ? ????
???????. ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? Mesa, ?? ???? ??????
???????????? ??????. ???????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????, ??? ???
??? ??????? ????????? ???????? (? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????????
??????? Mesa ? ?????????? ?????? ??????). ???? ??? ????? ???????? ????
?????? ??????. ? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????.

???? ?????? ? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????????????? ???????
? /var/db/pkg/pkgdb.db ????? ? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?
/usr/ports/index.db ? /usr/ports/index.dbo (? ???? /usr/ports/INDEX.db
? /usr/ports/INDEX-5, ????. ?????.) ????????? ??????????? portupgrade
?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ? ????? ??????. ?????? ???, ????? ??
?????????? ???? ?????? ??????, ??????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?
/usr/ports/INDEX. ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????
portsdb -Uu.

??????, ????? ?? ?????????? ??????????? ???????????, ???????
?????????, ??? ?? ????? ???????. ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?
??????? ????????, ??????????? portversion (1). ?? ???????? ????? ??? ?
pkg_info, ?? ??????? ???????.

# portversion
Hermes =
Mesa =
ORBit <
XFree86-aoutlibs <
Xaw3d =
aalib =

?????? '<' ????????, ??? ????????????? ?????? ??????, ??? ???????
?????? ? ?????? ??????. ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? portversion | grep
'<', ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????. ? ??? ????????
????? ?????? ??? ????, ????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ?? ????
???????. ????????, ??? ????? Apache ???????. ??? ????? ? ????? ??
????????? Apache ?? ???? ????????, ??????? ? ???? ???????? ???
???????. ????? ??????????????? ??????????? ???????? pkg_delete, ??
???? ? ?? ????????? - ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????????????
??????????????? ????????? ???? ???????. ?????? ????? ? ?????????
pkg_deinstall(1).

# pkg_deinstall apache
---< Deinstalling 'apache-1.3.20'
[Updating the pkgdb in /var/db/pkg ... - 182 packages found (-1 +0)
(...) done]
#

????? ???? ?????????? ???????????, ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????????
????????? ????? ??????! (??? ???????? ???? ????????? ????? ?
??????????? ???????? FreeBSD pkg_*, ?? ?????? ? ?? ????? ?????????)

??????? portupgrade ?????????? ????????????? ???????, ??????? ????
??????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????.

??????????? ? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????. ? ???? ??, ? ????
???????? ???????? ????????????? ? ????? ??????, ????? ??????
????????????? ? ?????? ? /var/db/pkg. ????????, pkgversion ??????????
???, ??? ?????????? gd ????????. ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????:

# portupgrade gd
===> Cleaning for gettext-0.10.35
===> Cleaning for gmake-3.79.1
===> Cleaning for libtool-1.3.4_2
===> Cleaning for jpeg-6b
===> Cleaning for png-1.2.0
===> Cleaning for freetype2-2.0.5
===> Cleaning for gd-1.8.4_4
If you want to compile in X support use
'make -DWITH_X11' instead
===> Extracting for gd-1.8.4_4
....

?? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?? make. ???? ?? ?????????? ??????, ??
??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ??????, ????????? ????
?????? ? ??? ?????.

... ---> Deinstalling 'gd-1.8.4_3'
pkg_delete: package 'gd-1.8.4_3' is required by these other packages
and may not be deinstalled (but I'll delete it anyway): scr2png-1.1
[Updating the pkgdb in /var/db/pkg ... - 180 packages found (-1 +0) (...) done]
===> Installing for gd-1.8.4_4
...

????? ????????? ?????????, ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????.

?????? ??? ????? ?????????????????.

?????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????. ??? ????
docproj ???????. ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ???????, ??
?? ???? ????????? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ??????????????
FreeBSD Documentation Project. ???? ?? ????????? ??????? ??????
????????????, ??? ????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ???????? ???????????
??????????? (???? ??????????). ????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????????
???????????? ??? ?????? ??-?? ??????????????? ??????????. docproj
????? ???????? ???????????.

???? ? ???? ????????? ????? ???????, ??? ??????? ????????????
portupgrade -P. ????? - ??? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????????,
??????? ? ????????? ?????. ??? ???? ???? ?????? portupgrade, ????? ??
?????????? ???????? ??????, ??????? ????????? ?? docproj. ?? ??????
??????? ??? ? ??????? ????? -R. ??????? ??? ? ???????:

# portupgrade -R docproj
This port will try to ensure that the tools used by the FreeBSD
Documentation Project are installed on your system so you can convert
documentation from SGML to other formats.

???? ?? ????? ??????????? ??? JadeTeX, ??????? ??????? ?? TeTeX.
????????? ??? TeTeX "?????" ????? 30 MB ? ????? ????? ??????????? ??
????.

???? ?? ?? ?????? ????????? PostScript ? PDF ??????? ?? ????????????,
??? ?? ????? JadeTeX, ? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? JADETEX ?
"no". ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ? ???????? PostScript ?
PDF, ????? ?????????? ?????????? JADETEX ? "yes".

????????:

make JADETEX=no
make JADETEX=yes
*** Error code 1
Stop.
** Command failed: make clean build
** Fix the problem and try again.
** The following packages were not installed or upgraded (-:skipped / !:failed)
! textproc/docproj (docproj-1.4) (unknown build error)
#

??! ???? ???? ??????? ?????????. ?? ?????? ???????????????
/usr/ports/textproc/docproj/Makefile, ??????? ??????? JADETEX=no.
?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????.

????? ?? ?????????, ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ????? ??????
??????. ???????? ?? ??????????, ??? ? ?????? ?????? ??????????
???????????, ????????, ???? ? ????????? ?? ???? ? (??????? ?? ????? ?)
? ???? ? ????? ????????? ?? ???? ?, ????????? portupgrade A ? ?? ??
????? ????????????? ??????????? ????? ?, ?? ?????? ????. ?????? ??????
????????? pkgdb -F, ????? ????? ? ????????? ????? ????????.

???? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ??????????????,
?? ?????? ???????????? portupgrade -rR; ??? ????? ????????? ???
???????????. ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ? ????? ??????? ????? ??????
????????? ?? ???? ??????????? ??????? ? ???. portupgrade ????????
????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ???????????
???????????? ?? FreeBSD, ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ????? ?? ?????
??????.

???????? ?? ???????? ????????????????? ???? ???? ????????? ??? ??
?????? distfile. ???? ???? ????? ????????, portversion ????????? ??? ?
??????? ??? ??? ??????????. ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???
??????, ??????? ??? ???????????, ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????????,
??????????? portsclean -D. ??????????, ?? ???????? ???????? ???????
??????????? ??????????, ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ???????. ?
?? ???? ???????????? ????? --remember, ? ????????? XFree86 ?? ??????,
?? ?? ??????. ??? ??????? ?????? ??? X ??????, ??! ?? portsclean -L
????? ?????? ? ???? ???????? ? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ???
???????????? ????????? Mesa.

? ??????? ? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???????? ????????. ? ????
??????? ??? ? ???????? ??? ??????, ? ???????? ??? ?????????, ?????
????????? ??? ???????. ? ????? ???? ?????????? ????? ? ??? ???????
???????? ? ???:

# portupgrade -R portupgrade

??, ??? ????????. ???? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????.
-------------------------------------------

portupgrade

Dru Lavigne, ??????? ??????? ???????

???????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????? - www.onlamp.com/lpt/a/4111

? ?????????? ?????? (? ????? ?? ???????? - ?.?.) ?? ??????????? ??????? FreeBSD ??? ?????????? ?????????? ??????. ? ???? ?? ????? ? ?????? ?? ?????????? ? ??? ??????. ??????? ????????? ?? portupgrade, ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????.
????????? portupgrade

???? portupgrade ???????????????, ??? ? ????? ?????? ????, ????? ???????? ? ??????????????? ??????? ? ?????????? ??????? make:

% cd /usr/ports/sysutils/portupgrade
% make install clean

????????? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??????. ?????????? ???? ?? ????????? ??????, ? ????????? ????? man'? ????????? ????:

% pkg_info -xL portupgrade | grep man
/usr/local/man/man1/pkg_deinstall.1.gz
/usr/local/man/man1/pkg_fetch.1.gz
/usr/local/man/man1/pkg_glob.1.gz
/usr/local/man/man1/pkg_sort.1.gz
/usr/local/man/man1/pkgdb.1.gz
/usr/local/man/man1/portcvsweb.1.gz
/usr/local/man/man1/portsclean.1.gz
/usr/local/man/man1/portsdb.1.gz
/usr/local/man/man1/portupgrade.1.gz
/usr/local/man/man1/portversion.1.gz
/usr/local/man/man5/pkgtools.conf.5.gz
/usr/local/man//man1/pkg_which.1.gz
/usr/local/man//man1/portinstall.1.gz
/usr/local/man//man1/ports_glob.1.gz

?? ?? ??? ????????? ?????, ????? ????????? ?? man'?. ?????? ?? ?????? ????????????? ? ???? ? ???????? ????????? ??????, ? ????? ??????? ??????? ? ??????, ??????? ?? ? ??????????? ?? ?????. ????, ???????, ????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ? ????????. ? ??????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????, ??? ????, ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ???????????? ??? ???????.

??? ??????, ???????? ?? ????????? ??????, ????????????? ?? ????? ???????, ? ??????????, ??? ???????????? ?? ?????????.

????? ?? ?????????? FreeBSD ? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? /usr/ports, ? ????? ??? ????? ? ???????????. ???? ?? ???????? ls /usr/ports, ?? ??????? ???????????, ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????. ???????? ?? ???????? mail, www, ? databases. ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ? ????????????, ??? www ???????? mozilla ? lynx. ?????? ?? ???? ???????????? ???????? ??????????, ??????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????????. ????????:

$ ls -F /usr/ports/www/mozilla
./ Makefile distinfo pkg-descr pkg-message
../ README.html files/ pkg-descr.gtk2

????? ??????? ?? ????? Makefile, pkg-descr, ? pkg-message ?????, ??????? ?????? ? ?????????? ????????? ? ???????, ?? ??????????? ? ??????? ??????.

????????? ?????? ????????? ???????????. ????????? ??????????? ????? ?????, ?????? ??? ? ????. ???? ?? ?????????, ? ?????? ??????????? FreshPorts, ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ????????.

??, ??? ????????? ?????? ????????? ????????, ???????, ?? ??? ????????, ??? ????????? ????? /usr/ports ????? ?????? ????????. ????? ???? ?????????, ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ????????? ? ???????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??????????, ??????????? cvsup.
????????????? ?????? ?????? ??????

? ????? ???????? cvsup. ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????????? cvsup ??? ????? ???????? Using CVSup (??? ??? ??????? ??????? - ???.) ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ????. ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? cvsup ? ? ???, ??? ???? ??? ?????. ????? ?? ?????? ??????:

% cd /usr/ports/net/cvsup-without-gui
% make install clean

cvsup ????? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ? ?????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ???????, ??? ? ????????? ??????. ???? ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??????, ??? ??????? ????? ????:

% more /root/cvs-supfile
*default host=cvsup.ca.freebsd.org
*default base=/usr/local/etc/cvsup
*default prefix=/usr
*default release=cvs delete use-rel-suffix compress
ports-all tag=.

??? ????????????? ????? ?????, ????????? ? ??????? superuser'? ???????:

% cvsup -g -L 2 ~/cvs-supfile

???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????, ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ? ???????? ?????. ????? ????????, ??? ?????? =. ? ????? ports-all ????? ?????, ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????.

??????? cvsup ???????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ? ??????? ?? ? ?????? ??????. ???? ??? ??????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????, ? ?????? ???????? ? cron.

??????? cvsup ????? ????????? /usr/ports/INDEX. ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ? ????? ?????? ??????. ????? ??????????, ????????? ?????? ? ??? ?????, ????????:

$ ls -l /usr/ports/INDEX
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 3678738 May 17 17:04 INDEX

????????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??????????? 17 ??? ? ? ??? ??? ? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????. ??????? ?? ? ???? ???????? ???????, ?? ??????? ? ???????? cvsup ?????????:

$ ls -l /usr/ports/INDEX
-rw-r--r-- 1 root wheel 3912366 Aug 17 08:50 INDEX

??? ?, ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????, ? ?????? ? ?????????? ?????????? ? ????????? ??????, ??????????? ??????????.
?????????? ???? ?????? ??????

?? ??? ?, ?????? ?? ?????? ? portupgrade ? ?????? ???????? ?? ?? ??????. ????? ??????? cvsup, ????????? ???????:

% portsdb -Uu

????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????, ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? INDEX.db ? /usr/ports. ?? ????? ??????????? ?????? ???, ????? ?? ??????????? ??????? portsdb ????? ?????????? cvsup. ???? ?? ??????????? ??????? file, ?? ??????????, ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? INDEX.db, ????????? ??? ?? ????????? ASCII ????:

$ file /usr/ports/INDEX.db
/usr/ports/INDEX.db:
Berkeley DB 1.85/1.86 (Btree, version 3, native byte-order)

??? ?? ?????, ????????? ??????? portupgrade ?????????? ??? ???? ??????. Btree - ???????? ???? ??????, ?????????? ??????????????? ??? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????. ?? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????? - ??? ?? ??????, ?????? ??????? portupgrade ??????? ? ??????????? ????????, ??????? ?? ????????????? ? ??????? ??????, ? ??? ????????? Btree.

????? ??????? portsdb ?????? ???? ??????, ?????????? ????????. ????? ??? ????????, ?? ?????? ? ????????????? portversion ????? ?????????, ????? ????? ??????? ??????????. ??????? ??? ?????????

% portversion -l "<"

???? ?? ???????? ?????-???? ?????, ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????. ??? ?????????????, ?? ?????????? portupgrade, ????? ????????? portinstall.
??????? ??????

? ????? ?????????? ?????, portupgrade -a ???????????? ??? (-a) ???? ?????????? ?????. ??? ?? ?????, ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?????, ??????? ???????????? ???????????. ??? ????????? ????????, ?? ?????????? portupgrade, ? ?????????, ????????? ? ????????? ????????????.

???? ????? ??? ???? ????????????. ?????? ??? ?????????? build dependency ? ????????? ? ?????? ??????, ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ?????. ?????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ? ???????, ??????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????. ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????? pkg_delete ???????????? ??????? ??????????, ???? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ??????? ??????? ?? ????.

???? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?????, ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????????????? ? ???????, ??????? ???????????? ???????????. ??? ?????????????? ????? ????????, ??????????? portupgrade ? ????? ???????, ??? ???:

% portupgrade -arR

???? -R ???????? ??????????? ??? ?????????, ? ???? -r ???????? ??????????, ??????? ??????? ?? ?????. ??? ???????????? ????????? ? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ? ??????????????? ????????.

????????????, ????? ?? ??????????? portupgrade ??? ??? ???????, ??? ????? ?????????? ????????? ? ???????????? ????????? pkgdb -F. ??? ?? ?????? ??????????, ?? ?? ????????, ??? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???????. ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ? /var/db/pkg/pkgdb.db. ????? ????, ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? Btree ??? ??????????? ??????? ??????.

???? ??? ?????? ????????? pkgdb -F, ???????? ???. ? ???, ???? ?? ????????? ??? ???????, ?? ?????????? ?? ??????, ????? ?? ???????? ???????? ? ?????????????? ????? ??????. ???? ?? ???????????? ?????????, ??? ??????? ???????? ???????????????:

% pkgdb -fu

??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ????????????, ???????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ????.

?????? pkgdb ? ?????? -F ???????????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????. ??????? ? ????, ??? pkgdb ????? ??????????????? ? ?????????? ??? ? ????? ??????, ????? ???, ??? ???-???? ???????. Michael Lucas ??????? ?????? ? ???, ??? ??????????? ?? ???. ??? ?? ?????, ???? ??? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????, ??????????? pkgdb ? ?????? -fu ? ??? ????? ??????? ??, ??? ??????? ?????????. ???? ?? ???????? ????????, ??????????? ????? -Fa, ??????? ??????? pkgdb ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????????????, ??????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????????.

??????, ??? ?? ??? ???????, ??? ???????. ??????????? ????, ??? ??????? ???????? ????????? pkgdb -F, ????? ????. pkgdb ?????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ?????, ???????? which, ????? ?????????? pkg_which.
????????????? pkg_which

pkg_which (??? pkgdb) ???????????? ??? ???????????, ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ????. ??? ??????? ??????, ?????????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????? which ? pkg_which:

$ which pkgdb
/usr/local/sbin/pkgdb

which ???????????? ??? ????, ????? ???????? ???? ? ??????????. pkg_which ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ????:

$ pkg_which pkgdb
portupgrade-20030723

??? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? pkg_which:

$ pkgdb pkgdb
portupgrade-20030723

??? ??????. ??????, ???????? ?? /usr/local, ???????? ?????, ????????????? ????????????. ?? ????? ????? ???? ??????, ? ?????? ?? ??????, ??? ?????? ???????. ??? ? ?????? ??? pkg_which. ????????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???????:

$ ls /usr/local/bin | grep yaf
tryaffix*
yaf-cdda*
yaf-mpgplay*
yaf-splay*
yaf-tplay*
yaf-vorbis*
yaf-yuv*

???? ?? ?????? ?? ????, ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????. ??????? ?????????, ?????? ?????????? ??? ???????????:

$ pkg_which *yaf*
ispell-3.2.06_3
kdemultimedia-3.1.3
kdemultimedia-3.1.3
kdemultimedia-3.1.3
kdemultimedia-3.1.3
kdemultimedia-3.1.3
kdemultimedia-3.1.3

pkg_which ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????. ???? ?? ??? - ???? -o, ??? "??????". ??????, ?? ?? ???????, ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????????? kdemultimedia-3.1.3. ?????????? ???:

$ pkg_which -o kdemultimedia-3.1.3
multimedia/kdemultimedia3

????? ??????????, ??? ???????, ?? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????????? - /usr/ports/multimedia/kdemultimedia3.

???? -v ????? ????? ????????? ????????. ???? ? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????? kde ? ???? ???????????:

$ pkg_which -v kde*
kde-config: kdelibs-3.1.3
kdebugdialog: kdebase-3.1.3
kded: kdelibs-3.1.3
kdeeject: kdebase-3.1.3
kdeinit: kdelibs-3.1.3
kdeinit_shutdown: kdelibs-3.1.3
kdeinit_wrapper: kdelibs-3.1.3
kdepasswd: kdeutils-3.1.3
kdeprintfax: kdebase-3.1.3
kdesktop: kdebase-3.1.3
kdesktop_lock: kdebase-3.1.3
kdessh: kdeutils-3.1.3
kdesu: kdebase-3.1.3
kdesu_stub: kdelibs-3.1.3
kdesud: kdebase-3.1.3
kdevdlg2ui: kdevelop-2.1.5
kdevelop: kdevelop-2.1.5

????????, ????????????? ?????. ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ? ????????? ?? ??? ????? : ??? ?????, ??????? ????????? ??? ??????????. ??????, ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? KDE ?????? 3.1.3.

?????? ??? ????????? ??????, ???????? ?????. ???? ????, ?????? ??? ??????????? ????? ???????? ? ????????? ?????????, ????? ??????????:

1. ????????? cvsup ??? ????????????? ?????? ??????.
2. ????????? portsdb ??? ?????????? INDEX.db.
3. ??????????? portversion ??? ??????????? ??????????, ????????? ??????????.
4. ??????????? portupgrade ??? ???????? ???? ??????????.

?????????????? ????? portupgrade

?? ??? ?????????, ??? portupgrade -arR ????????? ????????? ??? ?????????? ??????????. ??? ?? ?????, ? portupgrade ???? ??? ????????? ??????, ??????????? ??? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??????????, ? ??? ??? ??????.

?????, ??????? ???????, ???? ? ??? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ? ?????????? -F. ??????, ????? ?? ??????????? ???????, portupgrade ???? ? ????????, ????? ?? ????????? ????, ? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????. ???? ?? ??????????? ??????? ???????, ???????? KDE, ??? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ? ???????? ? ?????????? ? ????????? ?????.

??? ??????? ??????? ? ????????, ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????, ?? ?????? ?? ?????????????:

$ portupgrade -aFrR

????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ?????, ????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ? ????????? portupgrade -arR ??? ??????.

?????? ???? -n. ???? ???? ?????? ???????? ???, ??? ?????????? ?????? portupgrade. ???? ???? ????? ???????, ???? ?? ?????????? ? ????????, ??????????????? ???? ? ?????? ??????? ?????, ??? ???????? ? ????? ??????.

??? ?????? ??????:

$ portupgrade -anrR
---> Session started at: Sun, 17 Aug 2003 22:06:00 -0400

---> Reporting the results (+:done / -:ignored / *:skipped / !:failed)
- lang/ruby16 (ruby-1.6.8.2003.04.19)
- net/cvsup-without-gui (cvsup-without-gui-16.1h)
+ lang/ruby16-shim-ruby18 (ruby-shim-ruby18-1.8.0.p2.2003.04.19)
+ databases/ruby-bdb1 (ruby-bdb1-0.1.9)
- sysutils/portupgrade (portupgrade-20030723)
- www/lynx (lynx-2.8.4.1d)
---> Session ended at: Sun, 17 Aug 2003 22:06:02 -0400 (consumed 00:00:02)

??????? ????????? ?? ???? ?????. portupgrade ?????????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????????????? ? ??????? ????, ? ????? ???????? ????????? ? ?????. ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?????, ????????????? ??????, ? ??????, ???????????? ????????? ?? ???????. ? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????, ????????? ????????????. ??? ????????? ? ???????, ???????????? ?? ????? +. ???? ? ?????? ????? ? ??????????? portversion, ? ????? ???? ?????????, ?????????? ?? ???????:

$ portversion -l "<"
ruby-bdb1
ruby-shim-ruby18

???? ?? ????? ?????????, ?????? ???????????? ???? -i, ??? ???????? ???????????????. ???????? ??? ? ????? ?????? portupgrade ? portupgrade ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ???????????. ????? ???????? ???:

---> Upgrading 'ruby-bdb1-0.1.9' to 'ruby-bdb1-0.2.1'
(databases/ruby/bdb1)
OK? [yes]

???????? ???????? ?? ????? "??" ? ?????????? ???????, ???? ????? ????? ??????????? ?? ?????????. ??? ??????, ??? ??????? Enter, ?? ???????? "??". ???? ?? ?????????, ??? ?? ?? ?????? ????????? ???? ????, ???????? no.

????????? ????, ??????? ? ?????? ?? ?????????, ???? l, ??? ???. ???? ???? ????????, ????? ???? ???????????? ???????????????, ? ?? ??????????? ??????? ????-???? ??? ????????? ?????????. ??? ???????, ? ??????????? ???? ???? ? ???????? ????? ? ????, ????????? logfile:

$ portupgrade -rR ruby-shim-ruby18 -l logfile

?????? ?????, ?? ?? ???????? ???????????? ???? ????, ???????? ???? ? ??? ????? ??????, ????????? ????????????. ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ???-????!

? ????????? ?????? ? ???? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ? ?????? ??????, ??????? ??? ?? ???????????? ???????. ? ??? ?? ?????????? ????????? pkgtools.conf.

??????????? ????????: ? ?????? ????????????? ??????????? ???? /usr/ports/INDEX, ?????????? ?????? ???????? ? ?????? ??????. ?? ?? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????? portupgrade. ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???????????? ? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? - ????? CVS, CVSup ??? CTM. ??? ????? ???????? ? ??????????, ??????? ???????????? portupgrade ??????????? ???????????? ???? ? ?????-???? ?????? ?????? (??. man portsdb).

Dru Lavigne is an instructor at Marketbridge Technologies in Ottawa and the maintainer of the Open Protocol Resource.

unix.ginras.ru/bsd/inst009.html


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